Living with the "everydayness" of human reality in the context of Heidegger's "Being-towards-death" philosophy
Martin Heidegger, one of the most influential philosophers of the 20th century, introduced the concept of "being-towards-death" as a central aspect of his philosophy. Heidegger's idea of being-towards-death emphasizes the finitude and existential significance of human existence. By examining this concept, we can gain insights into the implications it holds for the mundane “everydayness” of human existence.
Authenticity and Finitude
Heidegger argues that human existence is fundamentally characterized by finitude. Our existence is finite in the sense that it is limited in time, and we are inevitably confronted with our own mortality. Being-towards-death refers to the anticipation and awareness of our mortality, which shapes our existence.
Overcoming Everydayness
Heidegger suggests that human existence often falls into a state of everydayness, where we become absorbed in mundane concerns and lose sight of the deeper meaning of our existence. Being-towards-death serves as a call to transcend this state and confront the finitude of our existence, enabling us to rediscover authenticity.
Recognition of Possibilities
By acknowledging our mortality, we come face-to-face with the fact that our time is limited. This recognition compels us to reflect upon the possibilities inherent in our existence. Heidegger argues that being-towards-death is not a morbid preoccupation, but rather a catalyst for living authentically and making choices based on a recognition of our own finitude.
Temporality and Authentic Temporality
Heidegger emphasizes the temporal nature of existence. Being-towards-death reveals that time is not an abstract concept but intimately tied to our individual existence. It encourages us to adopt an authentic temporality, recognizing that our time is limited and directing our actions and choices towards meaningful ends.
Freedom and Responsibility
Being-towards-death confronts us with our freedom and responsibility in shaping our existence. Heidegger suggests that by embracing our mortality, we become aware of the individual responsibility we have in determining the course and meaning of our lives. This awareness of our own mortality can serve as a catalyst for personal growth and the realization of our authentic potential.
Existential Anxiety and Angst
Heidegger recognizes that the awareness of our own mortality can evoke existential anxiety or angst. The confrontation with death can be unsettling and challenging, disrupting our comfortable routines and forcing us to confront the ultimate uncertainty and meaninglessness of existence. However, Heidegger suggests that it is precisely through embracing this anxiety that we can achieve a deeper understanding of our authentic existence.
Authentic Existential Resoluteness
Being-towards-death encourages us to adopt an authentic existential resoluteness, which involves taking responsibility for our lives and choices. By recognizing the inevitability of death, we are motivated to live purposefully and meaningfully, ensuring that our actions align with our individual values and aspirations.
In summary, Heidegger's concept of being-towards-death highlights the finitude and existential significance of human existence. By acknowledging our mortality, we are prompted to reflect upon the deeper meaning of life and make choices that align with our authentic potential. Being-towards-death encourages us to transcend everydayness, recognize our freedom and responsibility, and cultivate an awareness of the temporal nature of existence. Ultimately, this concept challenges us to live authentically and confront the profound questions surrounding the human condition.